USA pharma OT remote access: VPN vs ZTNA (audit-ready controls)

Remote access is one of the most common paths into OT environments. For pharma, you need strong controls plus evidence for audits.

Minimum controls

• MFA for all remote users

• Just-in-time access approvals

• Session recording for privileged access

• Vendor access limited by time + asset

• No direct IT-to-OT remote paths

VPN vs ZTNA

• VPN: network-level access; higher blast radius if misconfigured

• ZTNA: app-level access; easier least-privilege

• Either way: enforce logging, approvals, and segmentation

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Related reading

Related: Purdue model segmentation — /post/purdue-model-for-pharma-plants-zones-conduits-and-firewall-placement

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